{"id":49372,"date":"2021-11-04T12:45:40","date_gmt":"2021-11-04T18:45:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/live-uw-engineering.pantheonsite.io\/?page_id=49372"},"modified":"2025-01-29T13:49:09","modified_gmt":"2025-01-29T19:49:09","slug":"artificial-intelligence","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/departments\/electrical-computer-engineering\/research\/artificial-intelligence\/","title":{"rendered":"Artificial intelligence"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"acf-hero block_b8afa8b70e459f5e7e82dbed41c4016f position-relative alignfull track-hero alignfull mb-5   sticky-top\" >\r\n\r\n    <div class=\"hero-container d-flex bg-pattern-secondary hero-spacing-medium has-navigation\" >\r\n        <div class=\"container-xxl  d-flex flex-column flex-lg-row justify-content-center justify-content-lg-between align-items-start align-items-lg-center\">\r\n                            <div class=\"hero-heading text-white text-left\">\r\n                    <h1 class=\"text-white fw-bold m-0 h1\"><span class=\"micro-title text-uppercase d-block\">Electrical &amp; Computer Engineering<\/span> Research<\/h1>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                        \r\n                        <\/div>    <\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"container-xxl navigation ms-auto\">\r\n            \r\n                                <div id=\"menuStrip\">\r\n    <nav class=\" navbar navbar-expand navbar-light rounded container-xxl\">\r\n        <div class=\"d-flex align-items-center flex-grow-1\">\r\n            <ul role=\"menu\" id=\"parent-nav\" class=\"navbar-nav d-flex align-items-center w-100 \"><li itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/www.schema.org\/SiteNavigationElement\" id=\"menu-item-46901\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46901 nav-item\" role=\"menuitem\"><a title=\"Overview of Electrical &#038; Computer Engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/departments\/electrical-computer-engineering\/\" class=\"nav-link\">Overview<\/a><\/li>\n<li itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/www.schema.org\/SiteNavigationElement\" id=\"menu-item-50108\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-50108 nav-item\" role=\"menuitem\"><a title=\"Degrees &#038; Programs in Electrical &#038; Computer Engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/departments\/electrical-computer-engineering\/degrees\/\" class=\"nav-link\">Degrees &#038; Programs<\/a><\/li>\n<li itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/www.schema.org\/SiteNavigationElement\" id=\"menu-item-50107\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-50107 nav-item\" role=\"menuitem\"><a title=\"Research in Electrical &#038; Computer Engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/departments\/electrical-computer-engineering\/research\/\" class=\"nav-link\">Research<\/a><\/li>\n<li itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/www.schema.org\/SiteNavigationElement\" id=\"menu-item-50111\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-50111 nav-item\" role=\"menuitem\"><a title=\"People of Electrical &#038; Computer Engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/departments\/electrical-computer-engineering\/people\/\" class=\"nav-link\">People<\/a><\/li>\n<li itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/www.schema.org\/SiteNavigationElement\" id=\"menu-item-50112\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-50112 nav-item\" role=\"menuitem\"><a title=\"Blog from Electrical &#038; Computer Engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/departments\/electrical-computer-engineering\/blog\/\" class=\"nav-link\">Blog<\/a><\/li>\n<li itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/www.schema.org\/SiteNavigationElement\" id=\"menu-item-50110\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-50110 nav-item\" role=\"menuitem\"><a title=\"Events in Electrical &#038; Computer Engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/departments\/electrical-computer-engineering\/events\/\" class=\"nav-link\">Events<\/a><\/li>\n<li itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/www.schema.org\/SiteNavigationElement\" id=\"menu-item-50109\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-50109 nav-item\" role=\"menuitem\"><a title=\"News from Electrical &#038; Computer Engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/departments\/electrical-computer-engineering\/news\/\" class=\"nav-link\">News<\/a><\/li>\n<li itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/www.schema.org\/SiteNavigationElement\" id=\"menu-item-50113\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-50113 nav-item\" role=\"menuitem\"><a title=\"About Electrical &#038; Computer Engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/departments\/electrical-computer-engineering\/about\/\" class=\"nav-link\">About<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>            <ul id=\"hidden-nav\" class=\"invisible\"><\/ul>\r\n            <button class=\"btn-more\" aria-label=\"Open Section Navigation\">\r\n                <div><\/div>\r\n            <\/button>\r\n            <div id=\"cta\" class=\"ms-auto\">\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/nav>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n    \r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n    <script>\r\n        (function($) {\r\n            const stickyhero_containers = document.querySelectorAll('.sticky-top');\r\n            const stickyhero_observer_options = {\r\n                root: null,\r\n                rootMargin: '0px 0px -100% 0px',\r\n                threshold: 0\r\n            };\r\n            const stickyhero_observer = new IntersectionObserver(stickyhero_observer_callback, stickyhero_observer_options);\r\n\r\n            stickyhero_containers.forEach(element => {\r\n                stickyhero_observer.observe(element);\r\n            });\r\n\r\n            function stickyhero_observer_callback(entries, observer) {\r\n                entries.forEach(entry => {\r\n                    entry.target.classList.toggle('active', entry.isIntersecting);\r\n                });\r\n            }\r\n        })(jQuery);\r\n    <\/script>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"acf-card-horizontal block_8b61a5f695af503890b53a861629419b position-relative track-card-horizontal my-5\" >\r\n    \r\n        \r\n\r\n        \r\n                                                                    <div class=\"card border-0 img-right\">\r\n                                <div class=\"row g-0\">\r\n                                    <div class=\"d-flex align-items-start col-lg-6 order-1 order-lg-3\">\r\n                                                                                    <div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9\">\r\n                                                                                                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/MLSP-Website-Image-1024x576.webp\" class=\"card-img not-transparent\" alt=\"Image generated by machine learning and data processing. Red and orange swirly image, similar to flames, on black background\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/MLSP-Website-Image-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/MLSP-Website-Image-512x288.webp 512w, https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/MLSP-Website-Image-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/MLSP-Website-Image-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/MLSP-Website-Image-jpg-webp.webp 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" data-dominant-color=\"2b0a04\" style=\"--dominant-color: #2b0a04;\" \/>                                                                                                                                                                                            <\/div>\r\n                                        \r\n                                    <\/div>\r\n                                    <div class=\"col-lg-6 order-2 order-lg-2 d-flex align-items-center\">\r\n                                        <div class=\"card-body px-lg-4\">\r\n                                                                                        <h2 class=\"card-title my-3 h2\">Artificial intelligence<\/h2>                                                                                                    <div class=\"card-text\"><p>How can we teach our machines to reason? Researchers in artificial intelligence develop algorithms and computer-based procedures to mimic human perceptions, thoughts and actions. By looking at large amounts of data, learning methods are able to extract relevant information from video, photographs, audio, text, ultrasound, medical images, as well as a wide range of sensors and experimental measurements. But what is \u201cinformation,\u201d and how is it gathered, stored and processed? ECE researchers tackle these kinds of fundamental questions, applying mathematical reasoning, optimization procedures, and computational tools to engineering challenges. We seek technological solutions to problems in a variety of domains such as communications, medicine, the physical sciences, and the humanities.<\/p>\n<\/div>                                                                                            <\/div>\r\n                                    <\/div>\r\n                                <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                                                                                \r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Faculty<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Behroozi_Setareh\/\">Setareh Behroozi<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Coulson_Jeremy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jeremy Coulson<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Chrysos_Grigorios\/\">Grigoris Chrysos<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Davoodi_Azadeh\/\">Azadeh Davoodi<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Gubner_John\/\">John Gubner<\/a> &#8211; Active Emeritus<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Hu_Yu-hen\/\">Yu Hen Hu<\/a> &#8211; Active Emeritus<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Huang_Tsung-wei\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tsung-Wei Huang<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Jaiswal_Akhilesh\/\">Akhilesh Jaiswal<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Lee_Kangwook\/\">Kangwook Lee<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Lesieutre_Bernard\/\">Bernard Lesieutre<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Lipasti_Mikko\/\">Mikko Lipasti<\/a> &#8211; Active Emeritus<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Milenkovic_Paul\/\">Paul Milenkovic<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Morgado_Pedro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pedro Morgado<\/a> <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Nowak_Robert\/\">Robert Nowak<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Papailiopoulos-_Dimitris\/\">Dimitris Papailiopoulos<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Ramanathan_Parameswaran\/\">Parmesh Ramanathan<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Roald_Line\/\">Line Roald<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Sethares_William\/\">Bill Sethares<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Singh_Manish\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Manish Singh<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Vanveen_Barry\/\">Barry Van Veen<\/a> &#8211; Active Emeritus<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Velten_Andreas\/\">Andreas Velten<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Vinayak_Ramya\/\">Ramya Vinayak<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"acf-video-inline block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019 position-relative bg-dark track-video-inline alignfull my-5 py-5\"  style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Kangwook-Lee-video-image.avif);background-position: center;\" >\r\n    <div class=\"container-xxl\">\r\n        <div class=\"collapse show collapse_block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019\" id=\"collapse_block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019\">\r\n            <div class=\"d-flex flex-column flex-md-row justify-content-center align-items-center col-12 col-lg-9 mx-auto p-5 my-lg-5\">\r\n                <div class=\"text-center text-md-end \">\r\n                    <h2 class=\"h2 text-white\">Focus on Faculty &#8211; Kangwook Lee<\/h2>                <\/div>\r\n                                    <div class=\"col\">\r\n                        <a id=\"show_video-block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019\" class=\"text-white stretched-link display-1 ps-md-5\" role=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\".collapse_block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"collapse_block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019\">\r\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/themes\/coe\/assets\/dist\/img\/icons\/play-circle.svg\" width=\"116\" height=\"116\" alt=\"show video\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\r\n                        <\/a>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"collapse video-wrapper container flex-column collapse_block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019\" id=\"collapse_video_block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019\">\r\n            <div class=\"p-2 p-lg-5\">\r\n                <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-end\">\r\n                    <a class=\"text-white d-block text-right fs-4 align-self-end\" role=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\".collapse_block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"collapse_block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019\">\r\n                        <i class=\"far fa-window-close\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Close Video<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9\">\r\n                                            <lite-youtube videoid=\"FiHM_dzjARE\" params=\"enablejsapi=1\" posterloading=\"lazy\"><\/lite-youtube>\r\n                                    <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <\/div>                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n                {\n    \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n    \"@type\": \"VideoObject\",\n    \"name\": \"Professor Kangwook Lee - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at UW\\u2013Madison\",\n    \"description\": \"Meet Assistant Professor Kangwook Lee, an instructor and award-winning researcher within the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) at the University of Wisconsin\\u2013Madison. Lee shares insights into his research and teaching in the fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, with a special focus on generative AI. He discusses his efforts to enhance the efficiency and performance of generative AI models, as well as his work focused on ethics and trustworthiness in machine learning models for both his research and classroom instruction.\",\n    \"thumbnailUrl\": \"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/FiHM_dzjARE\/default.jpg\",\n    \"uploadDate\": \"2025-01-09T14:50:11+00:00\",\n    \"duration\": \"PT1M45S\",\n    \"contentUrl\": \"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=FiHM_dzjARE\",\n    \"embedUrl\": \"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FiHM_dzjARE\"\n}            <\/script>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n    if (typeof YT !== 'function') {\r\n        const tag = document.createElement('script');\r\n        tag.id = 'youtube-iframe';\r\n        tag.src = 'https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/iframe_api';\r\n        const firstScriptTag = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];\r\n        firstScriptTag.parentNode.insertBefore(tag, firstScriptTag);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    var liteYouTubeInstances = liteYouTubeInstances || {};\r\n    document.addEventListener('liteYoutubeIframeLoaded', () => {\r\n        if (document.querySelector('.block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019 lite-youtube').shadowRoot.querySelector('iframe')) {\r\n            if (!liteYouTubeInstances['block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019']) {\r\n                liteYouTubeInstances['block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019'] = new YT.Player(document.querySelector('.block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019 lite-youtube').shadowRoot.querySelector('iframe'), {\r\n                    events: {\r\n                        'onStateChange': onYTPlayerStateChange\r\n                    }\r\n                });\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }, false);\r\n\r\n    document.getElementById('collapse_video_block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019').addEventListener('hide.bs.collapse', event => {\r\n        if (liteYouTubeInstances['block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019']) {\r\n            let player = liteYouTubeInstances['block_cf86a59a0d5ec1b01ab904bbc081e019'];\r\n            if (player && typeof player.stopVideo === 'function') {\r\n                player.stopVideo();\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    function onYTPlayerStateChange(event) {\r\n        if (Object.keys(liteYouTubeInstances).length > 1) {\r\n            if (event.data == YT.PlayerState.PLAYING) {\r\n                for (let key in liteYouTubeInstances) {\r\n                    let player = liteYouTubeInstances[key];\r\n                    if (player && typeof player.getVideoUrl === 'function') {\r\n                        if (player.getVideoUrl() != event.target.playerInfo.videoUrl) {\r\n                            player.stopVideo();\r\n                        }\r\n                    }\r\n                }\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/script>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Research labs and facilities<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ifds.info\/\">Institute for Foundations of Data Science (IFDS)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mlopt.ece.wisc.edu\/\">Machine Learning and Optimization Theory (MLOPT) Research Group<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/madlab.ml.wisc.edu\/\">Machines Algorithms and Data Lab (MADLab)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/silo.wisc.edu\/\">Systems, Information, Learning and Optimization (SILO) Research Group<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/wisest.ece.wisc.edu\/\">Wisconsin Embedded Systems and Computing (WISEST) Lab<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"acf-card-horizontal block_f8a69a8d1dce166d6f1ea0ac7a0632e7 position-relative track-card-horizontal my-5\" >\r\n    \r\n        \r\n\r\n        \r\n                                                                    <div class=\"card border-0 img-left\">\r\n                                <div class=\"row g-0\">\r\n                                    <div class=\"d-flex align-items-start col-lg-6 order-1\">\r\n                                                                                    <div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9\">\r\n                                                                                                    <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Teal-MLSP-graphic-2-1024x576.webp\" class=\"card-img not-transparent\" alt=\"This image displays the behavior of a network with just three neurons, showing the way their output evolves by mapping their values in color. It is a teal 3D image on a black background\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Teal-MLSP-graphic-2-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Teal-MLSP-graphic-2-512x288.webp 512w, https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Teal-MLSP-graphic-2-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Teal-MLSP-graphic-2-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Teal-MLSP-graphic-2-jpg-webp.webp 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" data-dominant-color=\"373e21\" style=\"--dominant-color: #373e21;\" \/>                                                                                                                                                                                            <\/div>\r\n                                        \r\n                                    <\/div>\r\n                                    <div class=\"col-lg-6 order-2 order-lg-2 d-flex align-items-center\">\r\n                                        <div class=\"card-body px-lg-4\">\r\n                                                                                        <h2 class=\"card-title my-3 h2\">Visualizing Machine Learning and Data Science<\/h2>                                                                                                    <div class=\"card-text\"><p>Recurrent neural networks are the computing engines behind state-of-the-art applications from self-driving cars to speech recognition like Amazon\u2019s Alexa. The behavior of these networks is challenging to characterize, but it can be visualized for small networks. This image, and the one at the top of this page, displays the behavior of a network, showing the way their output evolves by mapping their values in color. The result, a fractal structure, could help researchers better understand the behavior and characteristics of these kinds of networks.\u00a0 Photo credit: <a href=\"https:\/\/directory.engr.wisc.edu\/ece\/Faculty\/Nowak_Robert\/\">Professor Robert Nowak<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>                                                                                            <\/div>\r\n                                    <\/div>\r\n                                <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n                                                                                \r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n\n\n<div class=\"acf-video-inline block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d position-relative bg-dark track-video-inline alignfull my-5 py-5\"  style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Ramya-Vinayak-Website-jpg.webp);background-position: center;\" >\r\n    <div class=\"container-xxl\">\r\n        <div class=\"collapse show collapse_block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d\" id=\"collapse_block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d\">\r\n            <div class=\"d-flex flex-column flex-md-row justify-content-center align-items-center col-12 col-lg-9 mx-auto p-5 my-lg-5\">\r\n                <div class=\"text-center text-md-end \">\r\n                    <h2 class=\"h2 text-white\">Focus on Faculty &#8211; Ramya Vinayak<\/h2>                <\/div>\r\n                                    <div class=\"col\">\r\n                        <a id=\"show_video-block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d\" class=\"text-white stretched-link display-1 ps-md-5\" role=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\".collapse_block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"collapse_block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d\">\r\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-content\/themes\/coe\/assets\/dist\/img\/icons\/play-circle.svg\" width=\"116\" height=\"116\" alt=\"show video\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\r\n                        <\/a>\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n                            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"collapse video-wrapper container flex-column collapse_block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d\" id=\"collapse_video_block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d\">\r\n            <div class=\"p-2 p-lg-5\">\r\n                <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-end\">\r\n                    <a class=\"text-white d-block text-right fs-4 align-self-end\" role=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\".collapse_block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"collapse_block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d\">\r\n                        <i class=\"far fa-window-close\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Close Video<\/span>\r\n                    <\/a>\r\n                <\/div>\r\n                <div class=\"ratio ratio-16x9\">\r\n                                            <lite-youtube videoid=\"yZfc-oisKc8\" params=\"enablejsapi=1\" posterloading=\"lazy\"><\/lite-youtube>\r\n                                    <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <\/div>                <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\r\n                {\n    \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n    \"@type\": \"VideoObject\",\n    \"name\": \"Professor Ramya Vinayak - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at UW-Madison\",\n    \"description\": \"Meet Ramya Vinayak, an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Wisconsin\\u2013Madison. Vinayak\\u2019s research broadly spans the areas of Machine Learning, Statistical Inference, and Crowdsourcing.\\n\\nProf. Vinayak\\u2019s vision is to develop theoretically grounded machine learning tools to make reliable inferences using data that comes from people. View Vinayak\\u2019s faculty profile video to hear more about her experience teaching at UW\\u2013Madison and her research on reducing large data bias within the broader field of Machine Learning, Signal Processing and Information Theory.\",\n    \"thumbnailUrl\": \"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/yZfc-oisKc8\/default.jpg\",\n    \"uploadDate\": \"2023-09-28T19:23:46+00:00\",\n    \"duration\": \"PT1M58S\",\n    \"contentUrl\": \"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=yZfc-oisKc8\",\n    \"embedUrl\": \"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/yZfc-oisKc8\"\n}            <\/script>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n    if (typeof YT !== 'function') {\r\n        const tag = document.createElement('script');\r\n        tag.id = 'youtube-iframe';\r\n        tag.src = 'https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/iframe_api';\r\n        const firstScriptTag = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];\r\n        firstScriptTag.parentNode.insertBefore(tag, firstScriptTag);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    var liteYouTubeInstances = liteYouTubeInstances || {};\r\n    document.addEventListener('liteYoutubeIframeLoaded', () => {\r\n        if (document.querySelector('.block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d lite-youtube').shadowRoot.querySelector('iframe')) {\r\n            if (!liteYouTubeInstances['block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d']) {\r\n                liteYouTubeInstances['block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d'] = new YT.Player(document.querySelector('.block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d lite-youtube').shadowRoot.querySelector('iframe'), {\r\n                    events: {\r\n                        'onStateChange': onYTPlayerStateChange\r\n                    }\r\n                });\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }, false);\r\n\r\n    document.getElementById('collapse_video_block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d').addEventListener('hide.bs.collapse', event => {\r\n        if (liteYouTubeInstances['block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d']) {\r\n            let player = liteYouTubeInstances['block_7f4479a483645cbe27ce386c8e7c6b6d'];\r\n            if (player && typeof player.stopVideo === 'function') {\r\n                player.stopVideo();\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    function onYTPlayerStateChange(event) {\r\n        if (Object.keys(liteYouTubeInstances).length > 1) {\r\n            if (event.data == YT.PlayerState.PLAYING) {\r\n                for (let key in liteYouTubeInstances) {\r\n                    let player = liteYouTubeInstances[key];\r\n                    if (player && typeof player.getVideoUrl === 'function') {\r\n                        if (player.getVideoUrl() != event.target.playerInfo.videoUrl) {\r\n                            player.stopVideo();\r\n                        }\r\n                    }\r\n                }\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Faculty Research labs and facilities<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":87,"featured_media":0,"parent":47748,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_tec_requires_first_save":true,"_mbp_gutenberg_autopost":false,"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_tribe_blocks_recurrence_rules":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_description":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_exclusions":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-49372","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/49372","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/87"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49372"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/49372\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":105778,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/49372\/revisions\/105778"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/47748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.wisc.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49372"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}